Methods to implement QoS; CLI MQC AutoQoS VoIP (voice QoS) AutoQoS Enterprise (voice, video and data QoS) QPM MQC (Modular QoS CLI) proccess Classify traffic Whats going to happen to the classes of traffic Assign to interface AutoQoS VoIP CLI – auto qos voip [trust] AutoQoS Enterprise CLI – auto …

Terminology; Behaviour Aggregate (BA): A collection of packets with the same DSCP crossing a link in a particular direction Differantiated Services Code Points (DSCP): A value in the IP header used to select a QoS treatment for a packet Per-hop behaviour (PHB): The externally observable forwarding …

Characteristics that QoS can effect; Bandwidth Delay Jitter (Delay Variation) Packet loss QoS Tools that effect bandwidth; Compression CAC (Call Admission Control) Queuing Types of delay; Serialisation (fixed) Propogation (fixed) Queuing (variable) Forwarding/Processing (variable) Shaping (variable) …

Occasionally, during bootup of Cisco hardware through Cisco IOS software, error messages similar to these are displayed: %Error opening tftp://255.255.255.255/network-confg (Socket error) %Error opening tftp://255.255.255.255/cisconet.cfg (Socket error) %Error opening …

IP range is 224.0.0.0 – 239.255.255.255 Well known link local addresses assigned by IANA (reserved use of 224.0.0.0 – 224.0.0.255; 224.0.0.1 – All Multicast systems on a subnet 224.0.0.2 – All routers n subnet 224.0.0.4 – All DVMRP routers 224.0.0.13 – All PIMv2 routers 224.0.0.5 – OSPF routers …

All routers auto learn RP address configuration necessary only on candidate RP & Mapping agent Multicasts ae used to distribute RP information Cisco announce: 224.0.2.39 Cisco discovery 224.0.1.40 Fowarded in Dense Mode

GRE tunneling can be used to encapsulate Multicast traffic. This could be useful for; An advantage of GRE tunneling relative to IPsec tunneling is that GRE can offer finer-grained QoS because routers have visibility into the IP packet header Tunnel Multicast traffic over unicast only networks GRE …

MSDP describes a mechanism to connect multiple PM-SM domains together. Each PM-SM domains uses its own RP and does not have to depend on RP in other domains. This topic has been boken down into the following; MSDP MSDP to an Anycast Rendezvous Point

Using Anycast RP within PIM-SM domains is an implementation strategy that provides RP redundancy, rapid RP failover and RP load sharing Anycast RP allows two or more RPs to share the load for source registration and the ability to act as hot backup routers for each other MSDP is the key protocol in …

Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP); MSDP has been designed for interdomain usage Creates a web of communicating RPs to exchange information about active multicast sources Each RP knows about the sources that are registered to it and this information is flooded to all MDSP peers using …